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Optic nerve melanocytoma does not usually produce symptoms or grow. If they slowly grow, optic nerve melanocytoma can produce afferent pupillary defects (30%), subretinal fluid (10%), and an enlarged blind spot (75%). On fundoscopic exam, the optic disc may be swollen, atrophic, or even normal. [1] Central retinal vein occlusion may occur.
Coloboma of optic nerve is a rare defect of the optic nerve that causes moderate to severe visual field defects. Coloboma of the optic nerve is a congenital anomaly of the optic disc in which there is a defect of the inferior aspect of the optic nerve. The issue stems from incomplete closure of the embryonic fissure while in utero.
Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are rare benign tumors of the optic nerve. 60–70% of cases occur in middle age females, and is more common in older adults (mean age 44.7 years). It is also seen in children, but this is rare. The tumors grow from cells that surround the optic nerve, and as the tumor grows, it compresses the optic nerve.
Ocular disc dysplasia is the most notable ocular defect of the disease. An abnormal development in the optic stalk causes optic disc dysplasia, which is caused by a mutation in the Pax2 gene. [4] The nerve head typically resembles the morning glory disc anomaly, but has also been described as a coloboma. [4]
Iridectomy - Removal of the affected piece of the iris; Choroidectomy - Removal of the choroid layer (the vascular tissue sandwiched between the sclera and the retina) Iridocyclectomy - Removal of the iris plus the ciliary body muscle. Eyewall resection - Cutting into the eye to remove a tumor e.g. melanoma. This operation can be quite ...
NAION is believed to be caused by reduced blood flow to the optic nerve head. It can lead to permanent visual loss in one eye that may develop painlessly and suddenly or over several days before ...
Peripheral nerve tumors [5] [2] Tumor type Malignancy Estimated incidence Location Schwannoma Benign 1.09 per 100,000/year Skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck, or along the flexor surfaces of the extremities; Spinal intradural extramedullary site with growth into foraminal space; Eight cranial nerve (bilateral involvement in NF2)
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