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Isaiah 45 is the forty-fifth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. ... to Cyrus, whose right hand I have ...
The terms used by the author of Deutero-Isaiah are reminiscent of certain passages in the Cyrus Cylinder. [1] Traditionally, these passages in Isaiah were believed to predate the rule of Cyrus by about 100 years; however, most modern scholars date Isaiah 40–55 towards the end of the Babylonian captivity. [8]
According to Isaiah 45:1, [13] Cyrus was anointed by Yahweh for this task as a biblical messiah; he is the only non-Jewish figure to be revered in this capacity. [14] In addition to his influence on traditions in both the Eastern and Western worlds, Cyrus is also recognized for his achievements in human rights, politics, and military strategy.
The unknown second prophet (See Deutero-Isaiah) predicts the coming of Cyrus, (Isaiah 44:28, Isaiah 45:1) who will liberate the Jews from their Babylonian exile and bring them to the promised land. The second Isaiah, 40–55, comes from the late exilic period, about 540 BC.
Deutero-Isaiah addresses himself to the Israelites in exile, offering them the hope of return. [33] Deutero-Isaiah's predictions of the imminent fall of Babylon and his glorification of Cyrus as the deliverer of Israel date his prophecies to 550–539 BCE, and probably towards the end of this period. [34]
This prophecy occurred 150 years before Cyrus was born, 180 years before Cyrus performed any of these feats, and 80 years before the Jews were taken into exile. [37] meaning that Isaiah could never have existed contemporaneously—that is, at the same time—as Daniel and Cyrus. (Isaiah 44:28; 45:1; 45:13).
That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid. [13] The mention of the deliverer of Israel, Cyrus by name in this verse (also in 45:1) becomes one of the main grounds for the theory of two Isaiahs. [14]
Cyrus the Great (Isaiah 45:1); the High Priest of Israel; the patriarchs ... (or, in earlier form, XPmas) is an English form of χ-mas, [45] itself an abbreviation ...