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The Mongol conquest of China was a series of major military efforts by the Mongol Empire to conquer various empires ruling over China for 74 years (1205–1279). It spanned seven decades in the 13th century and involved the defeat of the Jin dynasty , Western Liao , Western Xia , Tibet , the Dali Kingdom , the Southern Song , and the Eastern Xia .
Mongol invasion of Western Xia in 1209 In 1209, Genghis undertook his campaign to actually conquer Western Xia. Emperor Xiangzong requested aid from the Jin dynasty, but the new Jin emperor Wanyan Yongji refused to send aid, stating that "It is to our advantage when our enemies attack each other.
The Mongols (2nd ed. 2007) Rossabi, Morris. The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2012) Saunders, J. J. The History of the Mongol Conquests (2001) excerpt and text search; Srodecki, Paul. Fighting the ‘Eastern Plague'. Anti-Mongol Crusade Ventures in the Thirteenth Century. In: The Expansion of the Faith.
The Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty, also known as the Mongol–Jin War, was fought between the Mongol Empire and the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in Manchuria and North China. The war, which started in 1211, lasted over 23 years and ended with the complete conquest of the Jin dynasty by the Mongols in 1234.
The Japanese defeat the Mongol/Korean/Chinese invaders. 1277–1287: First Mongol invasion of Burma: Mongol Yuan victory, fall of the Pagan Empire. 1288: Battle of Bạch Đằng: The Vietnamese defeat Yuan forces. 1293: Mongol invasion of Java: Failed Yuan expedition to Java. 1301: Second Mongol invasion of Burma: The Burmese defeat Yuan ...
The Mongols made heavy use of indigenous ethnic minority soldiers in southern China rather than Mongols. The Kingdom of Dali's indigenous Cuan-Bo army led by the Duan royal family were the majority of the forces in the Mongol Yuan army sent to attack the Song during battles along the Yangtze river.
Year Date Event 198 Modu Chanyu and the emperor Gaozu of China's Han dynasty sign a peace treaty, recognizing equality of the Xiongnu.: 176: Modu Chanyu leads a Xiongnu invasion of the Gansu region and soundly defeats last remnants of the Yuezhi, killing the Yuezhi king in the process and asserting their presence in the Western Regions.
Expansion of the Mongol Empire 1206–1294 superimposed on a modern political map of Eurasia. Rise of Genghis Khan. Battle of Dalan Baljut; Mongol conquest of China