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Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) is a selective growth medium used in the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical samples and from food. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The agar was developed by Welton Taylor in 1965. [ 3 ]
Bacilli usually have a rod or cylinder shape. Examples include Listeria, Salmonella typhimurium, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Escherichia coli. Yersinia enterocolitica colonies growing on XLD agar plates Escherichia coli Color-enhanced scanning electron micrograph showing Salmonella typhimurium (red) invading cultured human cells
Yersinia hibernica is a species of Yersinia that was originally isolated in a pig-production environment. [1] The type strain is CFS1934 (= NCTC 14222 = LMG 31076). This species has previously been misidentified as Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia kristensenii but it may be distinguished biochemically by lack of sucrose utilization.
Yersinia enterocolitica is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, belonging to the family Yersiniaceae. It is motile at temperatures of 22–29° C (72–84 °F ), but becomes nonmotile at normal human body temperature .
Specimen: Fresh stool is collected. Culture: Specimen is inoculated on selective media like MacConkey's agar, DCA, XLD agar.Selenite F broth(0.4%) is used as enrichment medium which permits the rapid growth of enteric pathogens while inhibiting the growth of normal flora like E. coli for 6–8 hours.
As there are many bacteria that also look like Salmonella on DCA, it is widely recommended that more selective agars are used for the identification of Salmonella, namely xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar. This growth medium is heat-sensitive and should be poured and cooled as soon as possible after addition of the deoxycholate, otherwise ...
XLD agar, DCA agar, or Hektoen enteric agar are inoculated; all give colorless colonies as the organism is not a lactose fermenter. Inoculation of a TSI slant shows an alkaline slant and acidic, but with no gas, or H 2 S production. Following incubation on SIM, the culture appears nonmotile with no H 2 S production.
Welton Ivan Taylor (November 12, 1919 – November 1, 2012) was an American microbiologist, inventor and civil rights activist.He is known for his work on food-borne pathogens, notably for developing tests for Salmonella and for inventing the XLD (Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate) agar, which can be used to isolate Salmonella and Shigella bacteria.