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The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.
Dnsmasq accepts DNS queries and either answers them from a small, local cache or forwards them to a real, recursive DNS server. It loads the contents of /etc/hosts, so that local host names which do not appear in the global DNS can be resolved.
Added a history section to provide background on hosts files origins and uses. On my to-do list for this article: o Fix the crappy formatting, spelling errors, etc o Fix all the technical ambiguity, remove OS prejudices, etc. o Move chunks of the article into a more appropriate article, such as "Hosts_File_Filtering" or something
resolv.conf is a computer file used in various operating systems to configure the system's Domain Name System (DNS) resolver.The file is a plain-text file usually created by the network administrator or by applications that manage the configuration tasks of the system.
If you are looking for a simple, general mechanism for the local specification of IP addresses for specific hostnames (server names), use the HOSTS file, not the LMHOSTS file. The file, if it exists, is read as the LMHOSTS setting file. A sample file (lmhosts.sam) is provided. It contains documentation for manually configuring the file.
Unix-like operating systems commonly implement IP address blocking using a TCP wrapper, configured by host access control files /etc/hosts.deny and /etc/hosts.allow.. Both companies and schools offering remote user access use Linux programs such as DenyHosts or Fail2ban for protection from unauthorized access while allowing permitted remote access.
Earlier Unix-like systems either accessed only local files or had hard-coded rules for accessing files or network-stored databases. Ultrix was a notable exception with its nearly identical functionality of the NSS configuration file in /etc/svc.conf.
Host-specific system-wide configuration files. There has been controversy over the meaning of the name itself. In early versions of the UNIX Implementation Document from Bell Labs, /etc is referred to as the etcetera directory , [ 4 ] as this directory historically held everything that did not belong elsewhere (however, the FHS restricts /etc ...