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Diagram of a symmetric multiprocessing system. Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing [1] (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all ...
In shared memory model the processors are all connected to a "globally available" memory, via either software or hardware means. The operating system usually maintains its memory coherence. [4] From a programmer's point of view, this memory model is better understood than the distributed memory model.
Multiprocessor system with a shared memory closely connected to the processors. A symmetric multiprocessing system is a system with centralized shared memory called main memory (MM) operating under a single operating system with two or more homogeneous processors. There are two types of systems: Uniform memory-access (UMA) system; NUMA system
HSA defines a special case of memory sharing, where the MMU of the CPU and the IOMMU of the GPU have an identical pageable virtual address space.. In computer hardware, shared memory refers to a (typically large) block of random access memory (RAM) that can be accessed by several different central processing units (CPUs) in a multiprocessor computer system.
dependence analysis is hard for code that uses indirect addressing, pointers, recursion, or indirect function calls because it is difficult to detect such dependencies at compile time; loops have an unknown number of iterations; accesses to global resources are difficult to coordinate in terms of memory allocation, I/O, and shared variables;
Tightly coupled multiprocessor systems contain multiple CPUs that are connected at the bus level. These CPUs may have access to a central shared memory (SMP or UMA), or may participate in a memory hierarchy with both local and shared memory (SM). The IBM p690 Regatta is an example of a high end SMP system.
A shared-memory multiprocessor is a "computer system composed of multiple independent processors that execute different instruction streams". [4] The shared memory programming model is the most widely used for parallel processor designs. [1]
Peterson's algorithm (or Peterson's solution) is a concurrent programming algorithm for mutual exclusion that allows two or more processes to share a single-use resource without conflict, using only shared memory for communication. It was formulated by Gary L. Peterson in 1981. [1]