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Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. [1] They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. They are classified in the order Pandanales, family Pandanaceae. [2] [3]
Pandanus pluriloculatus is a tree up to 22 m tall with a dark brown bark and a spiny trunk up to 30 cm in diameter. The crown of the tree is narrowly cylindric, with three spirals of large leaves at the top. Most of the trunk below the crown has many short branchlets with narrow leaves and fruit spikes.
Common names in English include thatch screwpine, [4] Tahitian screwpine, [5] hala tree [6] (pū hala in Hawaiian) [7] and pandanus. [8] The fruit is edible and sometimes known as hala fruit . Description
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Pandanaceae is a family of flowering plants native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old World, from West Africa to the Pacific.It contains 982 known species [2] in five genera, [3] of which the type genus, Pandanus, is the most important, with species like Pandanus amaryllifolius and karuka (Pandanus julianettii) being important sources of food.
The fruit of the tree is used as a food source in many Pacific Islands. The fruits are often consumed fresh or as a preserved food while the trunks of P. tectorius can be used as building material, and leaves for thatching. [3] Though many parts of the hala tree are utilized, in Hawaii the most common use of Hala is the leaves.
Pandanus utilis was discovered by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent. Although they were given a common name of pine, they are monocots, more closely related to grasses, orchids and palms than to conifer trees such as pines. Their name is derived from the spiral arrangement of their leaves around the branches. [9]
Each fruit-head is packed with uniseriate rows of long, narrow drupes. The exposed portions of the drupes are pale grey, and the internal portion becomes light yellow when ripe. Occasionally this species bears more than one fruit-head on the same peduncle. This feature is normally only found in the extinct Pandanus conglomeratus. [2] [3] [4]
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