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The Millennium of Russia monument in Veliky Novgorod (unveiled on 8 September 1862) Medieval Russian states around 1470, including Novgorod, Tver, Pskov, Ryazan, Rostov and Moscow Expansion and territorial evolution of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire between the 14th and 20th centuries Location of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union in 1956–1991
Athens is one of the oldest named cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for perhaps 5,000 years. Situated in southern Europe, Athens became the leading city of ancient Greece in the first millennium BC, and its cultural achievements during the 5th century BC laid the foundations of Western civilization.
The most common theory about the origins of Russians is the Germanic version. The name Rus ', like the Proto-Finnic name for Sweden (*roocci), [2] supposed to be descended from an Old Norse term for "the men who row" (rods-) as rowing was the main method of navigating the rivers of Eastern Europe, and that it could be linked to the Swedish coastal area of Roslagen or Roden, as it was known in ...
The New Russia: A Handbook of Economic and Political Developments. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-87065-1. Lawrence N. Langer (2002). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Medieval Russia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6618-8. "Russian Federation: Chronology". Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia 2003. Europa Publications. 2002.
Imperialist ideologies, in Russia and more widely, discouraged research emphasising an ancient or distinctive history for Inner Eurasian peoples. [85] Arabic sources portray Rus ' people fairly clearly as a raiding and trading diaspora , or as mercenaries, under the Volga Bulghars or the Khazars, rather than taking a role in state formation.
Russia is a member of the G20, the OSCE, and the APEC. Russia also takes a leading role in organisations such as the CIS, [290] the EAEU, [291] the CSTO, [292] the SCO, [293] and BRICS. [294] Russia maintains close relations with neighbouring Belarus, which is a part of the Union State, a supranational confederation of the two states. [295]
Russia obtained treaty ports such as Dalian/Port Arthur. In 1900, the Russian Empire invaded Manchuria as part of the Eight-Nation Alliance's intervention against the Boxer Rebellion. Japan strongly opposed Russian expansion, and defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. Japan took over Korea, and Manchuria remained a contested ...
The formal end to Tatar rule over Russia was the defeat of the Tatars at the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480. Ivan III (r. 1462–1505) and Vasili III (r. 1505–1533) had consolidated the centralized Russian state following the annexations of the Novgorod Republic in 1478, Tver in 1485, the Pskov Republic in 1510, Volokolamsk in 1513, Ryazan in 1521, and Novgorod-Seversk in 1522.