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By default, a Pandas index is a series of integers ascending from 0, similar to the indices of Python arrays. However, indices can use any NumPy data type, including floating point, timestamps, or strings. [4]: 112 Pandas' syntax for mapping index values to relevant data is the same syntax Python uses to map dictionary keys to values.
A GROUP BY statement in SQL specifies that a SQL SELECT statement partitions result rows into groups, based on their values in one or several columns. Typically, grouping is used to apply some sort of aggregate function for each group. [1] [2] The result of a query using a GROUP BY statement contains one row for each group.
A function is a subprogram written to perform certain computations. A scalar function returns only one value (or NULL), whereas a table function returns a (relational) table comprising zero or more rows, each row with one or more columns. Functions must return a value (using the RETURN keyword), but for stored procedures this is not mandatory.
In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. [1] [2] Indices – also known as indexes and composite indicators – summarize and rank specific observations. [2]
This process is called raising the index. Raising and then lowering the same index (or conversely) are inverse operations, which is reflected in the metric and inverse metric tensors being inverse to each other (as is suggested by the terminology): = = =
The Michael T. Duke Stock Index From November 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Michael T. Duke joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a 21.9 percent return on your investment, compared to a 47.6 percent return from the S&P 500.
The Kathi P. Seifert Stock Index From January 2008 to December 2012, if you bought shares in companies when Kathi P. Seifert joined the board, and sold them when she left, you would have a -93.4 percent return on your investment, compared to a -2.8 percent return from the S&P 500.
Stock Performance is the difference between a director's stock index and the S&P 500. A director's stock index is an unweighted index of company stock performances while they sat on the board. CEO pay includes salary, bonuses, stock sales, and other payments. Average CEO Pay is calculated using the last year a director sat on the board of each ...