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Axons from upper motor neurons synapse onto interneurons in the spinal cord and occasionally directly onto lower motor neurons. [3] The axons from the lower motor neurons are efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the spinal cord to the effectors. [4] Types of lower motor neurons are alpha motor neurons, beta motor neurons, and gamma ...
Information coming from the sensory neurons in the head enters the central nervous system (CNS) through cranial nerves. Information from the sensory neurons below the head enters the spinal cord and passes towards the brain through the 31 spinal nerves. [26] The sensory information traveling through the spinal cord follows well-defined pathways.
Interneurons are the most abundant type of neuron in the spinal cord. They process and convey information between sensory neurons and motor neurons. [6]
The next simplest reflex arc is a three-element chain, beginning with sensory neurons, which activate interneurons inside of the spinal cord, which then activate motor neurons. Some reflex responses, such as withdrawing the hand after touching a hot surface, are protective, but others, such as the patellar reflex ("knee jerk") activated by ...
The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways , and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception and interoception .
A motor nerve, or efferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively efferent nerve fibers and transmits motor signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles of the body. This is different from the motor neuron , which includes a cell body and branching of dendrites, while the nerve is made up of a bundle of axons.
Interneurons are the central nodes of neural circuits, enabling communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system (CNS). [2] They play vital roles in reflexes, neuronal oscillations, [3] and neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. [citation needed] Interneurons can be further broken down into two groups: local ...
The anterior grey column is made up of alpha motor neurons, gamma motor neurons, and small neurons thought to be interneurons. [2] It affects the skeletal muscles . The posterior grey column receives several types of sensory information regarding touch and sensation from receptors in the skin, bones, and joints, including fine touch ...