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There are numerous causes of palpable purpura, such as autoimmune diseases, drug reactions, vaccinations, and infections.The most common infectious causes are N. gonorrhoeae, S. aureus, and N. meningitides, however palpable purpura has also been caused by Mycoplasma spp., Rickettsiae, Mycobacterium, and very rarely by Treponema pallidum, Brucella spp., Yersinia, Campylobacter, and Bartonella.
Once fully developed, the classic appearance is "non-blanching, palpable purpura". [6] [5] [7] This appears as deep red to purple spots that feel raised to the touch. Purpura refers to the red-purple discolored spots, while palpable implies that these spots can be felt as raised from the surrounding skin.
Such lesions include petechia (less than 3 mm (0.12 in), resulting from numerous and diverse etiologies such as adverse reactions from medications such as warfarin, straining, asphyxiation, platelet disorders and diseases such as cytomegalovirus); [6] and purpura (3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in)), classified as palpable purpura or non-palpable ...
Purpura (/ ˈ p ɜːr p jʊər ə / [1]) is a condition of red or purple discolored spots on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin secondary to platelet disorders, vascular disorders, coagulation disorders, or other causes. [ 2 ]
Patches may have some subtle surface change, such as a fine scale or wrinkling, but although the consistency of the surface is changed, the lesion itself is not palpable. [29] Papule: A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin, varying in size from less than either 5 [10] or 10 mm in diameter at the widest point. [30]
Rheumatoid vasculitis can cause palpable purpura, ulcers, nodules, and digital necrosis on the skin. [6] Even though it is nonspecific and present in many different disorders, livedo reticularis is frequently observed. [3] Peripheral nervous system involvement is the second most common organ involved.
Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood, Finkelstein's disease, infantile postinfectious iris-like purpura and edema, medallion-like purpura, purpura en cocarde avec oedema, Seidlmayer syndrome) Arterial insufficiency ulcer (ischemic ulcer) Arteriosclerosis obliterans; Bier spots; Blueberry muffin baby
Golfer's vasculitis is a form of cutaneous vasculitis which manifests in palpable purpura or infiltrated erythema. [13] In a case-control study of exercise-induced vasculitis in hikers, a biopsy showed that leukocytoclastic vasculitis was present. [16]