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Test Sensitivity and specificity Approximate peak Description Troponin test: The most sensitive and specific test for myocardial damage. Because it has increased specificity compared with CK-MB, troponin is composed of 3 proteins- Troponin C, Cardic troponin I, and Cardiac troponin T. Troponin I especially has a high affinity for myocardial injury.
The diagnosis of myocardial infarction requires two out of three components (history, ECG, and enzymes). When damage to the heart occurs, levels of cardiac markers rise over time, which is why blood tests for them are taken over a 24-hour period. Because these enzyme levels are not elevated immediately following a heart attack, patients ...
Elevated troponin levels are prognostically important in many of the conditions in which they are used for diagnosis. [ 36 ] In a community-based cohort study indicating the importance of silent cardiac damage, troponin I has been shown to predict mortality and first coronary heart disease event in men free from cardiovascular disease at ...
The level of the troponin, as well as a change over time, are useful in measuring and diagnosing or excluding myocardial infarctions, and the diagnostic accuracy of troponin testing is improving over time. [72] One high-sensitivity cardiac troponin can rule out a heart attack as long as the ECG is normal. [83] [84]
The CPK-MB test (creatine phosphokinase-MB), also known as CK-MB test, is a cardiac marker [3] used to assist diagnoses of an acute myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, or myocarditis. It measures the blood level of CK-MB (creatine kinase myocardial band), the bound combination of two variants (isoenzymes CKM and CKB ) of the enzyme ...
Creatine kinase in the blood may be high in health and disease. Exercise increases the outflow of creatine kinase to the blood stream for up to a week, and this is the most common cause of high CK in blood. [16] Furthermore, high CK in the blood may be related to high intracellular CK such as in persons of African descent. [17]
Effects on all cause hospital mortality was inconclusive. [41] The BNP test is also used for the risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes. [42] [43] When interpreting an elevated BNP level, values may be elevated due to factors other than heart failure. Lower levels are often seen in obese patients. [44]
Cardiac Enzymes - elevated troponin and brain natriuretic peptide may indicate stress on the heart [3] Pregnancy Test - pre-eclampsia in pregnancy can cause dangerously high blood pressure [3] Lactate - rising lactate in the blood indicates that areas of the body are not getting enough oxygen [11]
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