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The test group was administered orexin-A, intravenously or nasally. The control group was given a placebo. The sleep-deprived monkeys which were given the nasal form of orexin-A performed far better than the ones treated with injections. Orexin-A not only restored the monkeys' cognitive abilities but made their brains appear awake in PET scans ...
Orexin (/ ɒ ˈ r ɛ k s ɪ n /), also known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite. [5] It exists in the forms of orexin-A and orexin-B.The most common form of narcolepsy, type 1, in which the individual experiences brief losses of muscle tone ("drop attacks" or cataplexy), is caused by a lack of orexin in the brain due to destruction of the cells ...
Both orexin receptors exhibit a similar pharmacology – the 2 orexin peptides, orexin-A and orexin-B, bind to both receptors and, in each case, agonist binding results in an increase in intracellular calcium levels. However, orexin-B shows a 5- to 10-fold selectivity for orexin receptor type 2, whilst orexin-A is equipotent at both receptors ...
The endogenous orexin neuropeptides, orexin A and orexin B, are involved in the regulation of sleep–wake cycles and act to promote wakefulness. [33] [16] [7] Deficiency of orexin signaling is thought to be the primary cause of the sleep disorder narcolepsy. [33] [16] Disturbances in orexin signaling may also be involved in insomnia. [33]
Orexin, otherwise known as hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that acts within the brain to regulate appetite and wakefulness as well as a number of other cognitive and physiological processes. [27] [38] [39] Loss of these orexin-producing neurons causes narcolepsy and most individuals with narcolepsy have a reduced number of these neurons in their ...
An orexin receptor antagonist, or orexin antagonist, is a drug that inhibits the effect of orexin by acting as a receptor antagonist of one (selective orexin receptor antagonist or SORA) or both (dual orexin receptor antagonis or DORA) of the orexin receptors, OX 1 and OX 2. [1] Medical applications include treatment of sleep disorders such as ...
Danavorexton (developmental code name TAK-925) is a selective orexin 2 receptor agonist. [1] It is a small-molecule compound and is administered intravenously. [1] [2] The compound was found to dose-dependently produce wakefulness to a similar degree as modafinil in a phase 1 clinical trial.
SB-334867 is an orexin antagonist.It was the first non-peptide antagonist developed that is selective for the orexin receptor subtype OX 1, with around 50x selectivity for OX 1 over OX 2 receptors. [1]