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Hydatid disease caused by infection of various organs with larval stages of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus; Cysticercosis caused by infection of the brain and/or muscles with the eggs and larvae of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium (though it has been judged less effective than albendazole in treatment of neurocysticercosis) [6]
Antiparasitics target the parasitic agents of the infections by destroying them or inhibiting their growth; [4] they are usually effective against a limited number of parasites within a particular class. Antiparasitics are one of the antimicrobial drugs which include antibiotics that target bacteria, and antifungals that target fungi.
Mebendazole (MBZ), sold under the brand name Vermox among others, is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infestations. [5] This includes ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infections, guinea worm infections and hydatid disease, among others. [5] It has been used for treatment of giardiasis but is not a preferred agent.
Ivermectin is an antiparasitic drug. [7] After its discovery in 1975, [8] its first uses were in veterinary medicine to prevent and treat heartworm and acariasis. [9] Approved for human use in 1987, [10] it is used to treat infestations including head lice, scabies, river blindness (onchocerciasis), strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, ascariasis and lymphatic filariasis.
Anthelmintic medication is also used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. [2] [3] Anthelmintics are also used for mass deworming of livestock. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; [4] for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel. [5]
Upon diagnosis, treatment is simple and effective. [16] [17] [18] Praziquantel. The standard treatment for diphyllobothriasis (as well as many other tapeworm infections) is a single dose of praziquantel, 5–10 mg/kg orally once for both adults and children. [16] [17] [18] Praziquantel is not FDA-approved for this indication. [16]
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