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  2. Determining the number of clusters in a data set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determining_the_number_of...

    Intuitively then, the optimal choice of k will strike a balance between maximum compression of the data using a single cluster, and maximum accuracy by assigning each data point to its own cluster. If an appropriate value of k is not apparent from prior knowledge of the properties of the data set, it must be chosen somehow. There are several ...

  3. Up-and-down design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Up-and-down_design

    The BCD balance point can made identical to a target rate () by setting the heads probability to = / (). For example, for Γ = 0.3 {\displaystyle \Gamma =0.3} set b = 3 / 7 {\displaystyle b=3/7} . Setting b = 1 {\displaystyle b=1} makes this design identical to the classical UDD, and inverting the rules by imposing the coin toss upon positive ...

  4. Dot plot (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot_plot_(statistics)

    The dot plot as a representation of a distribution consists of group of data points plotted on a simple scale. Dot plots are used for continuous, quantitative, univariate data. Data points may be labelled if there are few of them. Dot plots are one of the simplest statistical plots, and are suitable for small to moderate sized data sets.

  5. Cluster analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_analysis

    Let be the set of data points in dimensional space. Consider a random sample (without replacement) of m ≪ n {\displaystyle m\ll n} data points with members x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} . Also generate a set Y {\displaystyle Y} of m {\displaystyle m} uniformly randomly distributed data points.

  6. Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oversampling_and_under...

    To create a synthetic data point, take the vector between one of those k neighbors, and the current data point. Multiply this vector by a random number x which lies between 0, and 1. Add this to the current data point to create the new, synthetic data point. Many modifications and extensions have been made to the SMOTE method ever since its ...

  7. Data set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_set

    Various plots of the multivariate data set Iris flower data set introduced by Ronald Fisher (1936). [1]A data set (or dataset) is a collection of data.In the case of tabular data, a data set corresponds to one or more database tables, where every column of a table represents a particular variable, and each row corresponds to a given record of the data set in question.

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  9. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

    Sampling enables the selection of right data points from within the larger data set to estimate the characteristics of the whole population. For example, there are ...