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Agouti-signaling protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIP gene. [5] [6] It is responsible for the distribution of melanin pigment in mammals.[7] [8] Agouti interacts with the melanocortin 1 receptor to determine whether the melanocyte (pigment cell) produces phaeomelanin (a red to yellow pigment), or eumelanin (a brown to black pigment). [9]
An agouti dog, also called wolf sable. In dogs, the agouti gene is associated with various coat colors and patterns. [10]The alleles at the A locus are related to the production of agouti-signaling protein (ASIP) and determine whether an animal expresses an agouti appearance and, by controlling the distribution of pigment in individual hairs, what type of agouti.
AgRP is a paracrine signaling molecule made of 112 amino acids (the gene product of 132 amino acids is processed by removal of the N-terminal 20-residue signal peptide domain). It was independently identified by two teams in 1997 based on its sequence similarity with agouti signalling peptide (ASIP), a protein synthesized in the skin ...
Melanocytes depend on the Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) to signal the production of eumelanin. Loss of melanocortin 1 receptor function or high activity of the MC1R-antagonist, Agouti signalling peptide, can cause the widespread absence of eumelanin. Loss of MC1R function, a recessive trait, has been observed in many species.
Its main functions are in melanogenesis and anti-inflammatory signaling. [9] MC2R is expressed in the adrenal cortex and adipocytes and promotes steroidogenesis. [10] MC3R and MC4R are primarily expressed in the brain and regulate energy homeostasis. [1] MC3R is additionally involved in immunomodulation while MC4R has a role in sexual function.
A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse.The cell receiving the signal, or target cell, may be another neuron, but could also be a gland or muscle cell.
17201 Ensembl ENSG00000124089 ENSMUSG00000038537 UniProt P41968 P33033 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_019888 NM_008561 RefSeq (protein) NP_063941 NP_032587 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 56.25 – 56.25 Mb Chr 2: 172.09 – 172.09 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Melanocortin 3 receptor (MC 3 R) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MC3R gene. Function This gene encodes MC 3 R, a G ...
The agouti gene codes for a molecule called the agouti-signaling protein, or ASIP. This molecule interacts with MC1R, the receptor coded by extension, to block the signal for black pigment production. [12] The signal for black pigment comes from a melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which is present throughout the horse. [2]