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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the development of a bacterial infection in the peritoneum, despite the absence of an obvious source for the infection. [1] It is specifically an infection of the ascitic fluid – an increased volume of peritoneal fluid. [2] Ascites is most commonly a complication of cirrhosis of the liver. [1]
Tertiary peritonitis is a frequent complication of intra-abdominal infection in those patients who have been admitted to intensive care units and it is a hospital-acquired infection. Tertiary peritonitis differs from secondary peritonitis due to the difference in microbial flora which is present and due to the lack of response to appropriate ...
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a peculiar form of peritonitis occurring in the absence of an obvious source of contamination. It occurs in people with ascites , including children. Intra-peritoneal dialysis predisposes to peritoneal infection (sometimes named "primary peritonitis" in this context).
Uncomplicated infections often involved the infection of single organ and can be controlled by surgical removal of the source of infection, and antibiotics is not required after the surgery to control the infection. In complicated infections, the infection spread to a part or to the whole of the peritoneum, causing peritonitis. Meanwhile ...
A common cause of peritonitis is touch contamination, e.g. insertion of catheter by un-sanitized hands, which potentially introduces bacteria to the abdomen; other causes include catheter complication, transplantation of bowel bacteria, and systemic infections. [9] Most common type of PD-peritonitis infection (80%) are from bacterial sources. [9]
The sign indicates aggravation of the parietal peritoneum by stretching or moving. Positive Blumberg's sign is indicative of peritonitis, [3] which can occur in diseases like appendicitis, and may occur in ulcerative colitis with rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant.
These include bacterial infection, acute alcoholic hepatitis, or bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, which is the infection of ascites fluid, is the most common precipitant of HRS in cirrhotic individuals.
The entry of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract into the abdomen results in peritonitis or in the formation of an abscess. [2] Patients may develop sepsis, a life-threatening response to infection, which may appear as an increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, fever, and confusion. [2]