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The mechanism of contrast-induced nephropathy is not entirely understood, but is thought to include a combination of direct renal tubule damage from the contrast agent and reductions in blood flow to areas of the kidney. [19] The contrast agent directly damages renal tubule cells by a variety of mechanisms, one proposed mechanism is by causing ...
Iodinated contrast contains iodine.It is the main type of radiocontrast used for intravenous administration.Iodine has a particular advantage as a contrast agent for radiography because its innermost electron ("k-shell") binding energy is 33.2 keV, similar to the average energy of x-rays used in diagnostic radiography.
Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
MRI contrast agents may be administered by injection into the blood stream or orally, depending on the subject of interest. Oral administration is well suited to gastrointestinal tract scans, while intravascular administration proves more useful for most other scans. MRI contrast agents can be classified [2] by their: Chemical composition
The flow of contrast (up from the bladder to the kidney) is opposite the usual outbound flow of urine, hence the retrograde ("moving backwards") name. A retrograde pyelogram may be performed to find the cause of blood in the urine , or to locate the position of a stone or narrowing, tumour or clot, as an adjunct during the placement of ureteral ...
A contrast agent (or contrast medium) is a substance used to increase the contrast of structures or fluids within the body in medical imaging. [1] Contrast agents absorb or alter external electromagnetism or ultrasound , which is different from radiopharmaceuticals , which emit radiation themselves.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is regarded as safe in adults, comparable to the safety of MRI contrast agents, and better than radiocontrast agents used in contrast CT scans. The more limited safety data in children suggests that such use is as safe as in the adult population.
Contrast CT of a patient with brain metastases from breast cancer, before (left) and after (right) injection of iodinated contrast.. Iodinated contrast is a form of water-soluble, intravenous radiocontrast agent containing iodine, which enhances the visibility of vascular structures and organs during radiographic procedures.