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Stalinism in France: The first twenty years of the French Communist Party. (London: New Park, 1984) Raymond, Gino G. The French Communist Party during the Fifth Republic: A Crisis of Leadership and Ideology (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005) Sacker, Richard. A Radiant Future. The French Communist Party and Eastern Europe, 1944–1956 (Peter Lang, 1999)
The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc (Combloc), the Socialist Bloc, and the Soviet Bloc, was an unofficial coalition of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America that were aligned with the Soviet Union and existed during the Cold War (1947–1991).
The French Communist Party (French: Parti communiste français, pronounced [paʁti kɔmynist fʁɑ̃sɛ], PCF) is a communist party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left , and its MEPs sit with The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL group.
Italy: Stalin's policies demonstrated flexibility. A strong post-war Italian Communist Party contended for power in Rome and considered seizing control of the government through violent means. Stalin initially hesitated, but eventually insisted on restraint, fearing that a civil war in Italy would lead to military intervention by the United ...
Despite the pressure from the left, the Fourth Republic had more urgent concerns regarding relations with Germany, an economy supported by Marshall Aid, fears of communist subversion in the colonial empire, and American support for the anti-communist war in Vietnam. Official government policy supported the United States and NATO. When de Gaulle ...
The Early Cold War [broken anchor] (1947–1960) in which the Soviet Union and the Red Army installed the Eastern Bloc communist regimes in most of Eastern Europe (except for Yugoslavia and Albania, which had independent communist regimes). A major effort to support communist party activity in Western democracies, especially the Italian ...
In 1920, the French Section of the Communist International was founded. [2] This organization went on to become the French Communist Party (Parti communiste français, PCF). Following World War II, the French Communist Party joined the government led by Charles de Gaulle before being dropped by the coalition.
By the end of World War II, most of Eastern Europe, and the Soviet Union in particular, suffered vast destruction. [9] The Soviet Union had suffered a staggering 27 million deaths, and the destruction of significant industry and infrastructure, both by the Nazi Wehrmacht and the Soviet Union itself in a "scorched earth" policy to keep it from falling in Nazi hands as they advanced over 1,600 ...