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Generic 802.11 Frame. The very first two octets transmitted by a station are the Frame Control. The first three subfields within the frame control and the last field are always present in all types of 802.11 frames. These three subfields consist of two bits Protocol Version subfield, two bits Type subfield, and four bits Subtype subfield.
The Microsoft Windows Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) API has supported extensions for monitor mode since NDIS version 6, first available in Windows Vista. [1] NDIS 6 supports exposing 802.11 frames to the upper protocol levels, [ 2 ] while previous versions only exposed fake Ethernet frames translated from the 802.11 frames.
Wireless network cards for computers require control software to make them function (firmware, device drivers). This is a list of the status of some open-source drivers for 802.11 wireless network cards. Location of the network device drivers in a simplified structure of the Linux kernel.
IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS (request to send/clear to send) is the optional mechanism used by the 802.11 wireless networking protocol to reduce frame collisions introduced by the hidden node problem. Originally the protocol fixed the exposed node problem as well, but later RTS/CTS does not, but includes ACKs.
Traffic indication map (TIM) is a structure used in 802.11 wireless network management frames. The traffic indication map information element is covered under section 7.3.2.6 of 802.11-1999 standard. [1] The IEEE 802.11 standards use a bitmap to indicate to any sleeping listening stations that the access point (AP) has buffered data waiting for it.
The BSSID is a 48-bit label that conforms to MAC-48 conventions. While a device may have multiple BSSIDs, usually each BSSID is associated with at most one basic service set at a time. [1] A basic service set should not be confused with the coverage area of an access point, known as the basic service area (BSA). [2]
In protocol standards and implementations, the frame aggregation is usually combined with segmentation and reassembly of frames so that the time slots can be filled to 100%. E.g., an aggregation MAC PDU can be filled with 3.5 frames to ensure the time slot is utilized to 100% and in the next time slot the rest of the fragmented frame is sent ...
802.11 Beacon frame. A beacon frame is a type of management frame in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. It contains information about the network. Beacon frames are transmitted periodically; they serve to announce the presence of a wireless LAN and to provide a timing signal to synchronise communications with the devices using the network (the members of a service set).