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GM-CSF is a monomeric glycoprotein that functions as a cytokine—it is a white blood cell growth factor. [6] GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Monocytes exit the circulation and migrate into tissue, whereupon they mature into macrophages and dendritic cells.
Antibodies to a GM1 epitope as well as to one with the GT1a or GD3 epitope were found in different strains of Campylobacter jejuni [14] and patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome have a high occurrence of C. jejuni infection. [15] Many studies indicate that C. jejuni may be causative for a subset of some forms of neuropathies.
Mavrilimumab is a human monoclonal antibody [1] that inhibits human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSF-R). [2]Mavrilimumab was discovered as CAM-3001 by Cambridge Antibody Technology and is being developed by MedImmune, Inc. [1] as an investigational drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Namilumab (alternative identifier MT203) is a human monoclonal antibody (class IgG1 kappa) that targets granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor ()/colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and is currently being researched for application in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis.
In the given case, otilimab is the antibody and binds monospecifically to GM-CSF (corresponding to the fitting yellow bit on this image). Otilimab, as its monoclonal antibody , specifically binds to GM-CSF which is consequently neutralised and incapable of binding its targeted inflammatory cells as it should in order to allow their ...
GM-CSF is produced by CAR-T cells upon recognition of target cells, which activates myeloid cells and compels them to produce monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and its receptor (CCR2). [3] [4] GM-CSF knockout CAR-T cells protect mice from CRS; however, IL-6 knockout mice receiving wild-type CAR-T cells were not protected from CRS. [5]
1440 12985 Ensembl ENSG00000108342 ENSMUSG00000038067 UniProt P09919 P09920 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000759 NM_001178147 NM_172219 NM_172220 NM_009971 RefSeq (protein) NP_000750 NP_001171618 NP_757373 NP_757374 NP_034101 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 40.02 – 40.02 Mb Chr 11: 98.59 – 98.59 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF or GCSF ...
In addition, after stimulation of β subunit mRNA levels coding α chain decrease and on the contrary expression of soluble α subunit is upregulated. Soluble GM-CSFRα then clutches free ligands with similar affinity as membrane receptor and prevents binding of GM-CSF to the cell surface. GM-CSFRα can be also cleaved off of the membrane receptor.
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