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Unlike extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, limited-stage small cell lung cancer is potentially curable. [4] In limited small cell lung cancer, the median overall survival time is approximately 12–16 months, with five year survival rate of approximately 26% and long-term survival rate of approximately 4–5%. [19]
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
Treatment options for soft-tissue sarcomas include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. [3] Surgery is the most common treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas, and usually the only way to achieve a cure. The tumor is removed leaving a safe margin of surrounding healthy tissue to decrease the chances of its recurrence.
Four main hypotheses have been proposed for the cellular origins of carcinosarcoma, based largely on the pathology of the disease. [1] [3] First, the collision tumor hypothesis, which proposes the collision of two independent tumors resulting in a single neoplasm, based on the observation that skin cancers and superficial malignant fibrous histiocytomas are commonly seen in patients with sun ...
Radiation therapy, which kills cancer cells with focused doses of radiation, is often indicated in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma, and the exclusion of this treatment from disease management has been shown to increase recurrence rates. Radiation therapy is used when resecting the entirety of the tumor would involve disfigurement or loss of ...
Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that activates the immune system to fight cancer. Nivolumab is a fully human IgG4 antibody targeting programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1). In 2015, nivolumab was approved for the treatment of people with metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with progression on or after platinum-based ...
Chaparral (or Larrea tridentata) – a plant used to make a herbal remedy which is sold as cancer treatment. Cancer Research UK state that: "We don't recommend that you take chaparral to treat or prevent any type of cancer." [67] Chlorella – a type of algae promoted for its health-giving properties, including a claimed ability to treat cancer ...
Misrepair-accumulation aging theory [44] suggests that the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia is a consequence of fibrosis and weakening of the muscular tissue in the prostate. [45] The muscular tissue is important in the functionality of the prostate, and provides the force for excreting the fluid produced by prostatic glands.