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  2. Principle of humanity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_humanity

    Kant's Formula of Humanity reads: “So act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means” [2] Kant's ethics are centered around the idea of a "categorical imperative." It's a universal ethical principle saying that you should always value the ...

  3. Kantian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantian_ethics

    Kant argued that the objective law of reason is a priori, existing externally from rational being. Just as physical laws exist prior to physical beings, rational laws (morality) exist prior to rational beings. Therefore, according to Kant, rational morality is universal and cannot change depending on circumstance. [21]

  4. Kantianism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantianism

    Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never merely as a means to an end, but always at the same time as an end. [ 2 ] Therefore, every rational being must so act as if he were, through his maxim, always a legislating member in the universal kingdom of ends.

  5. Immanuel Kant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kant

    Immanuel Kant [a] (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.

  6. Moral universalizability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_universalizability

    The 18th-century German philosopher Immanuel Kant's second formulation of a categorical imperative or fundamental moral principle, the formula of humanity as an end in itself, uses a UA condition. It requires all persons to always respect humanity in oneself or another as an end in itself.

  7. Transcendental humanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_humanism

    Kant explained knowledge as part transcendental , which the mind imposes on a set of data – or experience. "Concepts without percepts may be empty, but percepts without concepts are blind. Yet the transcendental world of ideas harbor their own contents of abstract forms, constituting a system of a priori truths, accessible through pure reason ...

  8. Social philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_philosophy

    Social philosophy is the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. [1] Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social contexts for political, legal, moral and cultural questions, and the development of novel theoretical frameworks, from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy ...

  9. Influences on Karl Marx - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influences_on_Karl_Marx

    Immanuel Kant is believed to have had a greater influence than any other philosopher of modern times. Kantian philosophy was the basis on which the structure of Marxism was built—particularly as it was developed by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel.