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The Alberta government estimated that in 2012, the supply cost of oil sands new mining operations was $70 to $85 per barrel, whereas the cost of new SAGD projects was $50 to $80 per barrel. [95] These costs included capital and operating costs, royalties and taxes, plus a reasonable profit to the investors.
Sand mining is the extraction of sand, ... Globally, it is a $70 billion industry, with sand selling at up to $90 per cubic yard. [8] By country. Australia
It is estimated that the annual consumption of sand and gravel is 40 billion tons and sand is a US$70 billion global industry. [24] With increasing use, more is expected to come from recycling and alternatives to sand. [25] The global demand for sand in 2017 was 9.55 billion tons as part of a $99.5 billion industry. [26]
These costs vary depending on geographic location, the nature of the deposit, and the number and type of products produced. Crushed stone has one of the lowest average by weight values of all mineral commodities. The average unit price increased from US$1.58 per metric ton, f.o.b. plant, in 1970 to US$4.39 in 1990.
The local production of paper products in Nigeria is estimated at 265,000 metric tons per year, while the domestic demand is estimated at 3 million metric tons per annum. [72] This means that Nigeria relies heavily on importation of paper products to meet its needs, which costs the country about N182 billion annually.
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Trump has pledged tariffs of 10% on global imports, 60% on Chinese goods and a 25% import surcharge on Canadian and Mexican products, duties that may upend trade flows, raise costs and draw ...
Major oil shale deposits are located in China, which has an estimated total of 32 billion metric tons, of which 4.4 billion metric tons are technically exploitable and economically feasible. [ 7 ] [ 5 ] In 2008, the amount of potential shale oil was estimated at 354 billion barrels (5.63 × 10 10 cubic metres) and in 2016 at 330 billion barrels ...