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Photomicrograph of a thin section in cross and plane polarised light: the brighter mineral grains in the picture are dolomite, and the darker grains are calcite. Dolomite (/ ˈ d ɒ l. ə ˌ m aɪ t, ˈ d oʊ. l ə-/) is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally CaMg(CO 3) 2.
It is distinct from high-magnesium limestone in that the magnesium and calcium form ordered layers within the individual dolomite mineral grains, rather than being arranged at random, as they are in high-magnesium calcite grains. [11] In natural dolomite, magnesium is typically between 44 and 50 percent of total magnesium plus calcium ...
This is the most common form of dolomite found naturally and artificially from synthesis. [9] This dolomite, when formed in the oceans, can prove to be metastable. [9] The resultant structure of this mineral presents minimal differences from regular dolomite likely as a result of formation after initial crystal growth. [9]
This etches away the calcite and aragonite, leaving behind any silica or dolomite grains. The latter can be identified by their rhombohedral shape. [9] Crystals of calcite, quartz, dolomite or barite may line small cavities in the rock. Vugs are a form of secondary porosity, formed in existing limestone by a change in environment that increases ...
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed ...
An example of this test is done when distinguishing calcite from dolomite, especially within the rocks (limestone and dolomite respectively). Calcite immediately effervesces in acid, whereas acid must be applied to powdered dolomite (often to a scratched surface in a rock), for it to effervesce. [93]
Construction marble is a stone which is composed of calcite, dolomite or serpentine that is capable of taking a polish. [20] More generally in construction, specifically the dimension stone trade, the term marble is used for any crystalline calcitic rock (and some non-calcitic rocks) useful as building stone.
The matrix is typically composed of argillaceous carbonate, such as clay ironstone, while the crack filling is usually calcite. [36] [34] The calcite often contains significant iron (ferroan calcite) and may have inclusions of pyrite and clay minerals. The brown calcite common in septaria may also be colored by organic compounds produced by ...
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