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For children ages 1–13 years, the RDA increases with age from 0.9 to 1.8 μg/day. Because 10 to 30 percent of older people may be unable to effectively absorb vitamin B 12 naturally occurring in foods, those older than 50 years should meet their RDA mainly by consuming foods fortified with vitamin B 12 or a supplement containing vitamin B 12.
Vitamin B 12 cannot be produced by the human body, and must be obtained from the diet. [2] The body normally gets enough vitamin B 12 from the consumption of foods from animal sources. [2] Inadequate dietary intake of animal products such as eggs, meat, milk, fish, fowl (and some type of edible algae) can result in a deficiency state. [134]
This means intrinsic factor, as well as other factors required for B 12 absorption, are not available. However, B 12 deficiency after gastric surgery does not usually become a clinical issue. This is probably because the body stores many years' worth of B 12 in the liver and gastric surgery patients are adequately supplemented with the vitamin ...
One of the superpowers of vitamin B12 is that it is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in the human body, Kitchens points out, and it can remain stored in the liver for several years.
In pigs it is obtained from the pylorus and beginning of the duodenum; [12] in human beings it is present in the fundus and body of the stomach. [ 13 ] The limited amount of normal human gastric intrinsic factor limits normal efficient absorption of B 12 to about 2 μg per meal, a nominally adequate intake of B 12 .
That includes folks with an autoimmune disorder called pernicious anemia, who are unable to absorb B12, and people who take a lot of over-the-counter stomach-acid reducers, like famotidine ...
[4]: 50–51 Vitamin B 12 is therefore an important vitamin for the body to absorb. Despite its vital role however, vitamin B 12 is structurally very sensitive to the hydrochloric acid found in the stomach secretions, and easily denatures in that environment before it has a chance to be absorbed by the small intestine.
As you age, you produce less hydrochloric acid and will need to get most of your vitamin B12 from supplements or fortified foods, as this form doesn’t require this extra step for absorption ...
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