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Yellow supergiants generally have spectral types of F and G, although sometimes late A or early K stars are included. [1] [2] [3] These spectral types are characterised by hydrogen lines that are very strong in class A, weakening through F and G until they are very weak or absent in class K. Calcium H and K lines are present in late A spectra, but stronger in class F, and strongest in class G ...
Betelgeuse is a red supergiant that has evolved from an O-type main-sequence star. After core hydrogen exhaustion, Betelgeuse evolved into a blue supergiant before evolving into its current red supergiant form. [98] Its core will eventually collapse, producing a supernova explosion and leaving behind a compact remnant. The details depend on the ...
Most are classified as yellow supergiants by luminosity, although they are actually post-AGB stars, but there are both red and blue giant R CrB stars. R Coronae Borealis (R CrB) is the prototype star. DY Persei variables are a subclass of R CrB variables that have a periodic variability in addition to their eruptions.
Intrinsic variable types in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram showing the Yellow Hypergiants above (i.e. more luminous than) the Cepheid instability strip. A yellow hypergiant (YHG) is a massive star with an extended atmosphere, a spectral class from A to K, and, starting with an initial mass of about 20–60 solar masses, has lost as much as half that mass.
Artist's illustration of Wezen, a yellow supergiant 1,600 light-years away in the Canis Major constellation. Delta Canis Majoris is a supergiant of class F8. Its surface temperature is around 5,818 K, [12] and it is 14 to 15 times more massive than the Sun. Its absolute magnitude is −6.77, [8] and it lies around 1,600 light-years away. It is ...
The primary component of the φ Cassiopeiae system is a very luminous yellow supergiant. Its absolute magnitude is comparable to some yellow hypergiants but it does not show the level of mass loss and instability that would qualify it as a hypergiant itself.
The term "hypergiant" was used as early as 1929, but not for the stars currently known as hypergiants. [1] Hypergiants are defined by their '0' luminosity class, and are higher in luminosity than the brightest supergiants of class Ia, [2] although they were not referred to as hypergiants until the late 1970s. [3]
V810 Centauri is a double star consisting of a yellow hypergiant [3] primary (V810 Cen A) and blue giant secondary (V810 Cen B). It is a small amplitude variable star , entirely due to the supergiant primary which is visually over three magnitudes (about 12x) brighter than the secondary. [ 6 ]