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  2. Fritz Haber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritz_Haber

    Fritz Haber (German: [ˈfʁɪt͡s ˈhaːbɐ] ⓘ; 9 December 1868 – 29 January 1934) was a German chemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918 for his invention of the Haber process, a method used in industry to synthesize ammonia from nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas.

  3. Carl Wilhelm Scheele - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Scheele

    In addition, he discovered a process similar to pasteurization, [20] along with a means of mass-producing phosphorus (1769), leading Sweden to become one of the world's leading producers of matches. Chlorine gas. Scheele made one other very important scientific discovery in 1774, arguably more revolutionary than his isolation of oxygen.

  4. Chlorine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine

    Chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) was the first chlorine oxide to be discovered in 1811 by Humphry Davy. It is a yellow paramagnetic gas (deep-red as a solid or liquid), as ...

  5. Chemical weapons in World War I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World...

    A common fate of those exposed to gas was blindness, chlorine gas or mustard gas being the main causes. One of the most famous First World War paintings, Gassed by John Singer Sargent, captures such a scene of mustard gas casualties which he witnessed at a dressing station at Le Bac-du-Sud near Arras in July 1918. (The gases used during that ...

  6. Humphry Davy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humphry_Davy

    Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who called it "dephlogisticated marine acid" (see phlogiston theory) and mistakenly thought it contained oxygen. Davy showed that the acid of Scheele's substance, called at the time oxymuriatic acid , contained no oxygen .

  7. History of chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemistry

    Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who called it "dephlogisticated marine acid" (see phlogiston theory) and mistakenly thought it contained oxygen. Scheele observed several properties of chlorine gas, such as its bleaching effect on litmus, its deadly effect on insects, its yellow-green colour, and the ...

  8. Water chlorination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_chlorination

    Chlorine gas was first used on a continuing basis to disinfect the water supply at the Belmont filter plant, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by using a machine invented by Charles Frederick Wallace [citation needed] who dubbed it the Chlorinator. It was manufactured by the Wallace & Tiernan company beginning in 1913. [13]

  9. Gas cylinder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_cylinder

    A gas cylinder is a pressure vessel for storage and containment of gases at above atmospheric pressure. ... Chlorine: 660, 728 Helium: 580, 718, 680 (3,500 psi) Hydrogen: