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The development of designer drugs may be considered a subfield of drug design. The exploration of modifications to known active drugs—such as their structural analogues, stereoisomers, and derivatives—yields drugs that may differ significantly in effects from their "parent" drug (e.g., showing increased potency, or decreased side effects).
Designer drugs are structural or functional analogues of controlled substances that are designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the parent drug while avoiding detection or classification as illegal.
In larger doses this class of substances can cause effects similar to those seen in cases of serotonin syndrome. [19] Due to their rapid onset, synthetic cathinones are powerful reward/reinforcers, with high addiction potential. [20] "Monkey dust", "bath salts" or "plant food" are often used at the same time as classical psychoactive drugs.
RASSLs and DREADDs are families of designer G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) built specifically to allow for precise spatiotemporal control of GPCR signaling in vivo. These engineered GPCRs are unresponsive to endogenous ligands but can be activated by nanomolar concentrations of pharmacologically inert, drug-like small molecules.
Pentedrone (also known as α-methylaminovalerophenone) is a stimulant of the cathinone class that has been sold as a designer drug and has been found since 2010 as an ingredient in a number of "bath salt" mixes sold as legal highs.
Aminoalkylindole is a class of synthetic cannabinoid compounds originally developed for cannabinoid receptor pharmacology studies but later emerged as drugs of abuse. They are often found in designer drugs known as synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) or "synthetic marijuana," and their use has been associated with various adverse health effects ...
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Aminoindanes have been explored for their potential therapeutic uses, particularly in the treatment of neurological disorders. They have also been studied for their stimulant and empathogenic effects, which have led to their use as designer drugs.