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One type of amphoteric species are amphiprotic molecules, which can either donate or accept a proton (H +). This is what "amphoteric" means in Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory . For example, amino acids and proteins are amphiprotic molecules because of their amine ( −NH 2 ) and carboxylic acid ( −COOH ) groups.
Although nearly 100% sulfuric acid solutions can be made, the subsequent loss of SO 3 at the boiling point brings the concentration to 98.3% acid. The 98.3% grade, which is more stable in storage, is the usual form of what is described as "concentrated sulfuric acid".
Acid strength is the tendency of an acid, symbolised by the chemical formula, to dissociate into a proton, +, and an anion, .The dissociation or ionization of a strong acid in solution is effectively complete, except in its most concentrated solutions.
For oxyacids with more than one ionizable hydrogen on the same atom, the pK a values often increase by about 5 units for each proton removed, [29] [30] as in the example of phosphoric acid above. It can be seen in the table above that the second proton is removed from a negatively charged species.
The contact process is a method of producing sulfuric acid in the high concentrations needed for industrial processes. Platinum was originally used as the catalyst for this reaction; however, because it is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulfur feedstock, vanadium(V) oxide (V 2 O 5) has since been preferred.
The "number of basic sites per unit surface area of the solid" is used to express how much basic strength is found on a solid base catalyst. [15] Scientists have developed two methods to measure the amount of basic sites: one, titration with benzoic acid using indicators and gaseous acid adsorption. [15]
The acid gas coming from a Rectisol-, Selexol-, amine gas treating or similar unit installed after the gasifier contains H 2 S, COS and hydrocarbons in addition to CO 2. These gases were previously vented to the atmosphere, but now the acid gas requires purification in order not to affect the environment with SO 2 emission. The WSA process ...
Acid gas is a particular typology of natural gas or any other gas mixture containing significant quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), carbon dioxide (CO 2), or similar acidic gases. A gas is determined to be acidic or not after it is mixed with water. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, anything above 7 is basic while anything below 7 is ...