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Phacus is a genus of unicellular excavates, of the phylum Euglenozoa (also known as Euglenophyta), characterized by its flat, leaf-shaped structure, and rigid cytoskeleton known as a pellicle. These eukaryotes are mostly green in colour, and have a single flagellum that extends the length of their body.
The classification of euglenids is still variable, as groups are being revised to conform with their molecular phylogeny. Classifications have fallen in line with the traditional groups based on differences in nutrition and number of flagella; these provide a starting point for considering euglenid diversity.
Euglenophyceae or Euglenea is a group of single-celled algae belonging to the phylum Euglenozoa. [2] [3] They have chloroplasts originated from an event of secondary endosymbiosis with a green alga. They are distinguished from other algae by the presence of paramylon as a storage product and three membranes surrounding each chloroplast. [4]
Euglena is a genus of single cell flagellate eukaryotes.It is the best known and most widely studied member of the class Euglenoidea, a diverse group containing some 54 genera and at least 200 species.
Euglenales consists mostly of freshwater organisms, in contrast to its sister Eutreptiales which is generally marine. Cells have two flagella, but only one is emergent; the other is very short and does not emerge from the cell, so cells appear to have only one flagellum. [3]
Euglenaceae show the most morphological diversity within the class Euglenophyceae. [3] They are mostly single-celled organisms, except for the genus Colacium.They are free-living or sometimes inhabiting the digestive tracts of animals. [1]
Peranema. Peranema's basic anatomy is that of a typical euglenid.The cell is spindle or cigar-shaped, somewhat pointed at the anterior end. It has a pellicle with parallel finely-ridged proteinaceous strips underlain by microtubules arranged in a helical fashion around the body.
Euglena gracilis. A morphological and molecular study of the Euglenozoa put E. gracilis in close kinship with the species Khawkinea quartana, with Peranema trichophorum basal to both, [4] although a later molecular analysis showed that E. gracilis was more closely related to Astasia longa than to certain other species recognized as Euglena.