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Hemorrhoids are common in pregnancy as a result of constipation and increased intra-abdominal pressure. Hemorrhoids can cause bleeding, pain, and itching. [31] Treatment is symptomatic, including improving underlying constipation. Symptoms may resolve spontaneously after pregnancy, although hemorrhoids may remain in the days after childbirth. [32]
About 80% of miscarriages occur in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. The underlying cause in about half of cases involves chromosomal abnormalities. [157] Stillbirth is defined as fetal death after 20 or 28 weeks of pregnancy, depending on the source. It results in a baby born without signs of life.
Chadwick sign is a medical clinical sign characterised by the bluish-violet discolouration of the mucous membranes of the vulva, vagina (particularly on the anterior vaginal wall), and the cervix, resulting from venous congestion due to increased blood flow as part of the maternal physiological changes in pregnancy. This clinical sign can be ...
According to a study conducted by Whitcome, et al., lumbar lordosis can increase from an angle of 32 degrees at 0% fetal mass (i.e. non-pregnant women or very early in pregnancy) to 50 degrees at 100% fetal mass (very late in pregnancy). Postpartum, the angle of the lordosis declines and can reach the angle prior to pregnancy.
Hegar's sign is a non-sensitive indication of pregnancy in women—its absence does not exclude pregnancy. It pertains to the features of the cervix and the uterine isthmus . It is demonstrated as a softening in the consistency of the uterus, and the uterus and cervix seem to be two separate regions.
Typically the symptoms occur between the 4th and 16th weeks of pregnancy. [2] About 10% of women still have symptoms after the 20th week of pregnancy. [2] A severe form of the condition is known as hyperemesis gravidarum and results in weight loss. [1] [6]
Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches outside the uterus. [5] Signs and symptoms classically include abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, but fewer than 50 percent of affected women have both of these symptoms. [1]
In medicine, Piskaçek's sign is a physical indication of pregnancy. It is defined as asymmetry of the enlarged uterus , palpable during pelvic examination , after the first few weeks of pregnancy. It is attributed to lateral implantation of the embryo , which can enlarge one uterine horn before the other.
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