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The cached files can be deleted without loss of data. /var/lib: State information. Persistent data modified by programs as they run (e.g., databases, packaging system metadata, etc.). /var/lock: Lock files. Files keeping track of resources currently in use. /var/log: Log files. Various logs. /var/mail: Mailbox files.
Following kernel upgrades, this file must be regenerated by running the "map installer", which is /sbin/lilo otherwise the system will not boot. boot.xxyy – these 512-byte files are backups of boot sectors, either the master boot record (MBR) or volume boot record (VBR), created when LILO overwrites a boot sector.
fstab (after file systems table) is a system file commonly found in the directory /etc on Unix and Unix-like computer systems. In Linux, it is part of the util-linux package. The fstab file typically lists all available disk partitions and other types of file systems and data sources that may not necessarily be disk-based, and indicates how they are to be initialized or otherwise integrated ...
This file lists all currently mounted filesystems along with their initialization options. mtab has a lot in common with fstab, the distinction being that the latter is a configuration file listing which available filesystems should be mounted on which mount points at boot time, whereas the former lists currently mounted ones, which can include manually mounted ones not listed in fstab.
File system Creator Year of introduction Original operating system; DECtape: DEC: 1964 PDP-6 Monitor OS/3x0 FS: IBM: 1964 OS/360: Level-D DEC: 1968 TOPS-10: George 3 ICT (later ICL) 1968 George 3: Version 6 Unix file system (V6FS) Bell Labs: 1972 Version 6 Unix: RT-11 file system DEC: 1973 RT-11: Disk Operating System GEC: 1973 Core Operating ...
The filesystem appears as one rooted tree of directories. [1] Instead of addressing separate volumes such as disk partitions, removable media, and network shares as separate trees (as done in DOS and Windows: each drive has a drive letter that denotes the root of its file system tree), such volumes can be mounted on a directory, causing the volume's file system tree to appear as that directory ...
update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their sources. The lists of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list. For example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the Packages.gz files, so that information about new and updated packages is available.
The /etc/passwd file typically has file system permissions that allow it to be readable by all users of the system (world-readable), although it may only be modified by the superuser or by using a few special purpose privileged commands. The /etc/passwd file is a text file with one record per line, each describing a user account.