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The actual rank of a title-holder in Germany depended not only on the nominal rank of the title, but also the degree of sovereignty exercised, the rank of the title-holder's suzerain, and the length of time the family possessed its status within the nobility (Uradel, Briefadel, altfürstliche, neufürstliche, see: German nobility).
A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares 1217–1314. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. Chaplais, Pierre (1994). Piers Gaveston: Edward II's Adoptive Brother. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 0-19-820449-3. Cokayne, George (1910–1959). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (New ed.). London ...
The British nobility is made up of the peerage (titled nobility) and the gentry (untitled nobility) of the British Isles.In the UK nobility is formally exclusive to peers of the realm, however less formally an untitled nobility also exists across the British isles through feudal remnants, the clan systems, and the heraldic traditions of the isles with some legal recognitions and privileges.
George Henry Fitzroy in his robes as Duke of Grafton Peerages and baronetcies of Britain and Ireland Extant All Dukes Dukedoms Marquesses Marquessates Earls Earldoms Viscounts Viscountcies Barons Baronies Baronets Baronetcies This article lists all dukedoms, extant, extinct, dormant, abeyant, or forfeit, in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom ...
The ranks of the English peerage are, in descending order, duke, marquess, earl, viscount, and baron. While most newer English peerages descend only in the male line, many of the older ones (particularly older baronies) can descend through females.
The history of the British peerage, a system of nobility found in the United Kingdom, stretches over the last thousand years. The current form of the British peerage has been a process of development. While the ranks of baron and earl predate the British peerage itself, the ranks of duke and marquess were introduced to England in the
In some nations, hereditary titles, as distinct from noble rank, were not always recognised in law, e.g., Poland's Szlachta. European ranks of nobility lower than baron or its equivalent, are commonly referred to as the petty nobility, although baronets of the British Isles are deemed titled gentry. Most nations traditionally had an untitled ...
This is an incomplete index of the current and historical principal family seats of English royal, titled and landed gentry families. Some of these seats are no longer occupied by the families with which they are associated, and some are ruinous – e.g. Lowther Castle.