Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Algorithm Output size (bits) Internal state size [note 1] Block size Length size Word size Rounds; BLAKE2b: 512 512 1024 128 [note 2]: 64 12 BLAKE2s: 256 256 512 64 [note 3]: 32 10
ChaCha operates on a 4×4 array of words. BLAKE repeatedly combines an 8-word hash value with 16 message words, truncating the ChaCha result to obtain the next hash value. BLAKE-256 and BLAKE-224 use 32-bit words and produce digest sizes of 256 bits and 224 bits, respectively, while BLAKE-512 and BLAKE-384 use 64-bit words and produce digest ...
SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
[1] [2] [3] Truncated versions of SHA-2, including SHA-384 and SHA-512/256 are not susceptible, [4] nor is the SHA-3 algorithm. [5] HMAC also uses a different construction and so is not vulnerable to length extension attacks. [6] Lastly, just performing Hash(message ‖ secret) is enough to not be affected.
The sponge construction for hash functions. P i are blocks of the input string, Z i are hashed output blocks.. In cryptography, a sponge function or sponge construction is any of a class of algorithms with finite internal state that take an input bit stream of any length and produce an output bit stream of any desired length.
[6] The impact of collisions depends on the application. When hash functions and fingerprints are used to identify similar data, such as homologous DNA sequences or similar audio files, the functions are designed so as to maximize the probability of collision between distinct but similar data, using techniques like locality-sensitive hashing. [7]
Another example, encoding an alphabet of size 10 (between 0 and 9) requires 4 bits, but there are 2 4 − 10 = 6 unused codes, so input values less than 6 have the first bit discarded, while input values greater than or equal to 6 are offset by 6 to the end of the binary space. (Unused patterns are not shown in this table.)
RIPEMD (RIPE Message Digest) is a family of cryptographic hash functions developed in 1992 (the original RIPEMD) and 1996 (other variants). There are five functions in the family: RIPEMD, RIPEMD-128, RIPEMD-160, RIPEMD-256, and RIPEMD-320, of which RIPEMD-160 is the most common.