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In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. [1] [2] Indices – also known as indexes and composite indicators – summarize and rank specific observations. [2]
Composite measure in statistics and research design refer to composite measures of variables, i.e. measurements based on multiple data items. [1] An example of a composite measure is an IQ test, which gives a single score based on a series of responses to various questions. Three common composite measures include:
Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken. This may refer to generally agreed-upon sequences of sounds used in speaking a given word or language in a specific dialect ("correct" or "standard" pronunciation) or simply the way a particular individual speaks a word or language.
Index numbers are used especially to compare business activity, the cost of living, and employment. They enable economists to reduce unwieldy business data into easily understood terms. In contrast to a cost-of-living index based on the true but unknown utility function, a superlative index number is an index number that can be calculated. [1]
The composite index or composite indicator (abbreviated as c-score) [1] [2] is a new numerical indicator that evaluates the quality of a scientist's research publications, regardless of the scientific field in which he/she operates. [3] [4] [5]
Research by Labovitz [22] and Traylor [23] provide evidence that, even with rather large distortions of perceived distances between scale points, Likert-type items perform closely to scales that are perceived as equal intervals. So these items and other equal-appearing scales in questionnaires are robust to violations of the equal distance ...
The score is an index which takes into account the correlative and causal relationship between mortality and factors including advancing age, burn size, the presence of inhalational injury. [2] Studies have shown that the Baux score is highly correlative with length of stay in hospital due to burns and final outcome.
This method is good when the pronunciation can be adequately covered in a short parenthetic string. However, this method can become distracting, especially when alternate transcription conventions are used, if there are regional differences, or if the pronunciation is otherwise not straightforward. In such cases, other options are better.