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Cardiac arrest (also known as sudden cardiac arrest [SCA] [11]) is when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. [ 12 ] [ 1 ] When the heart stops beating, blood cannot properly circulate around the body and the blood flow to the brain and other organs is decreased.
Asystole is the most serious form of cardiac arrest and is usually irreversible. Also referred to as cardiac flatline, asystole is the state of total cessation of electrical activity from the heart, which means no tissue contraction from the heart muscle and therefore no blood flow to the rest of the body.
Initial symptoms may include heart asystole and respiratory arrest. [1] While the asystole may spontaneously resolve fairly rapidly, the respiratory arrest is typically more prolonged. [1] Other symptoms may include burns and blunt injuries. [1] Of those who survive, about 75% have ongoing health problems as a result, such as cataracts and ...
Following a cardiac flatline a fast intervention is a priority and can affect individual outcomes and recovery. Treatment [14] for cardiac flatline or asystole can involve: CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) Administering a vasopressin such as epinephrine; Trying to identify what could be causing the cardiac flatline in the first place. [15]
Transcutaneous pacing is no longer indicated for the treatment of asystole (cardiac arrest associated with a "flat line" on the ECG), with the possible exception of witnessed asystole (as in the case of bifascicular block that progresses to complete heart block without an escape rhythm). [4]
With the advent of these strategies, cardiac arrest came to be called clinical death rather than simply death, to reflect the possibility of post-arrest resuscitation. At the onset of clinical death, consciousness is lost within several seconds, and in dogs, measurable brain activity has been measured to stop within 20 to 40 seconds. [ 2 ]
High mortality rates due to cardiac injury though, made surgeons to look on how to protect the heart. In 1955 D.G. Melrose suggested ‘’elective cardiac arrest’’, a technique already used for other purposes, in order to protect the heart from ischemia- since cardiac muscle is not working, oxygen demands should be low. In the 1960’s ...
In infants and children, cardiac arrest is typically caused by (1) hypoxic/asphyxial arrest and less commonly by (2) sudden cardiac arrest due to heart problems or arrhythmias. In adults, cardiac arrest is usually caused by heart problems such as acute coronary syndrome. Hypoxic/asphyxial cardiac arrest is a result of progressive respiratory ...