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Adobe wall (detail) in Bahillo, Palencia, Spain Renewal of the surface coating of an adobe wall in Chamisal, New Mexico Adobe walls separate urban gardens in Shiraz, Iran. Adobe (/ ə ˈ d oʊ b i / ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; [1] Spanish pronunciation:) is a building material made from earth and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick.
Vigas are wooden beams used in the traditional adobe architecture of the American Southwest, especially in New Mexico.In this type of construction, the vigas are the main structural members carrying the weight of the roof to the load-bearing exterior walls.
The material used in the Inca buildings depended on the region, for instance, in the coast they used large rectangular adobe blocks while in the Andes they used local stones. [3] The most common shape in Inca architecture was the rectangular building without any internal walls and roofed with wooden beams and thatch, usually made from ichu. [4]
Most adobe walls, therefore, were either whitewashed or stuccoed inside and out. Whitewash was a mixture of lime and water which was brushed on the interior surfaces of partition walls; stucco was a longer-lasting, viscous blend of aggregate (in this case, sand) and whitewash, applied to the faces of load-bearing walls with a paleta . Usually ...
Pueblo buildings are most commonly constructed from adobe, though stone was also used where available, for instance at Chaco Canyon. The buildings have flat roofs supported by rough-hewn wooden beams called vigas and smaller perpendicular laths or latillas. The vigas typically extend through the exterior wall surface.
Second Battle of Adobe Walls (1874): The second battle occurred on June 27, 1874, between a group of 28 buffalo hunters and a Comanche force of 700, led by Isa-tai and Quanah Parker. This battle ...
Builders used molds to pour compacted mud without organic material. The exterior was stuccoed with sand, lime and oyster dust shells, then it was painted blue, green, or pink. Made without foundations, the walls were built from slots that were 25 centimeters deep. The doors were proportional to the size of the room.
The construction of adobe walls for the mission church began in 1788 with the manufacture of 36,000 bricks by native laborers. By 1790 the walls were completed, plastered, and whitewashed. It is most likely between this time and the dedication of the church on August 2, 1791 that the mural was painted.