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  2. Glossary of set theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_set_theory

    1. A set of second category is a set that is not of first category: in other words a set that is not the union of a countable number of nowhere-dense sets. 2. An ordinal of the second class is a countable infinite ordinal 3. An ordinal of the second kind is a limit ordinal or 0 4.

  3. Glossary of artificial intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_artificial...

    Pronounced "A-star". A graph traversal and pathfinding algorithm which is used in many fields of computer science due to its completeness, optimality, and optimal efficiency. abductive logic programming (ALP) A high-level knowledge-representation framework that can be used to solve problems declaratively based on abductive reasoning. It extends normal logic programming by allowing some ...

  4. Set-theoretic limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set-theoretic_limit

    In mathematics, the limit of a sequence of sets,, … (subsets of a common set ) is a set whose elements are determined by the sequence in either of two equivalent ways: (1) by upper and lower bounds on the sequence that converge monotonically to the same set (analogous to convergence of real-valued sequences) and (2) by convergence of a sequence of indicator functions which are themselves ...

  5. Sentence clause structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_clause_structure

    An incomplete sentence, or sentence fragment, is a set of words that does not form a complete sentence, either because it does not express a complete thought or because it lacks some grammatical element, such as a subject or a verb. [6] [7] A dependent clause without an independent clause is an example of an incomplete sentence.

  6. Sentence diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram

    A sentence diagram is a pictorial representation of the grammatical structure of a sentence. The term "sentence diagram" is used more when teaching written language, where sentences are diagrammed. The model shows the relations between words and the nature of sentence structure and can be used as a tool to help recognize which potential ...

  7. Limit set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limit_set

    fixed points; periodic orbits; limit cycles; attractors; In general, limits sets can be very complicated as in the case of strange attractors, but for 2-dimensional dynamical systems the Poincaré–Bendixson theorem provides a simple characterization of all nonempty, compact -limit sets that contain at most finitely many fixed points as a fixed point, a periodic orbit, or a union of fixed ...

  8. Derived set (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derived_set_(mathematics)

    In mathematics, more specifically in point-set topology, the derived set of a subset of a topological space is the set of all limit points of . It is usually denoted by S ′ . {\displaystyle S'.} The concept was first introduced by Georg Cantor in 1872 and he developed set theory in large part to study derived sets on the real line .

  9. Phrase structure rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules

    Phrase structure rules break sentences down into their constituent parts. These constituents are often represented as tree structures (dendrograms). The tree for Chomsky's sentence can be rendered as follows: A constituent is any word or combination of words that is dominated by a single node. Thus each individual word is a constituent.