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The most common chords are tertian, constructed using a sequence of major thirds (spanning 4 semitones) and/or minor thirds (3 semitones). Since there are 3 third intervals in a seventh chord (4 notes) and each can be major or minor, there are 7 possible permutations (the 8th one, consisted of four major thirds, results in a non-seventh augmented chord, since a major third equally divides the ...
Added tone chord notation is useful with seventh chords to indicate partial extended chords, for example, C 7add 13, which indicates that the 13th is added to the 7th, but without the 9th and 11th. The use of 2, 4, and 6 rather than 9, 11, and 13 indicates that the chord does not include a seventh unless explicitly specified.
Lower-case letters may be placed after a chord symbol to indicate root position or inversion. [6] [page needed] Hence, in the key of C major, a C-major chord in first inversion may be notated as Ib, indicating chord I, first inversion. (Less commonly, the root of the chord is named, followed by a lower-case letter: Cb).
The third inversion of a seventh chord is the voicing in which the seventh of the chord is the bass note and the root a major second above it. In the third inversion of a G-dominant seventh chord, the bass is F — the seventh of the chord — with the root, third, and fifth stacked above it (the root now shifted an octave higher), forming the intervals of a second, a fourth, and a sixth above ...
Half-diminished seventh chords are often symbolized as a circle with a diagonal line through it, as in B ø 7 or simply B ø. It also can be represented as a minor seventh chord with a superscript "♭ 5" (sometimes enclosed in parentheses). The terms and symbols for this chord break expectations that derive from the usual system of chord ...
Other chord qualities such as major sevenths, suspended chords, and dominant sevenths use familiar symbols: 4 Δ 7 5 sus 5 7 1 would stand for F Δ 7 G sus G 7 C in the key of C, or E ♭ Δ 7 F sus F 7 B ♭ in the key of B ♭. A 2 means "add 2" or "add 9". Chord inversions and chords with other altered bass notes are notated analogously to ...
In figured bass, a root-position triad has no symbol, while a root-position seventh chord is notated with a "7". According to The American History and Encyclopedia of Music: Inversions are not restricted to the same number of tones as the original chord, nor to any fixed order of tones except with regard to the interval between the root, or its ...
Because a diminished seventh chord is composed of three stacked minor thirds which evenly divide the chromatic scale, it is symmetrical and its four inversions are composed of the same pitch classes. Understanding what inversion a given diminished seventh chord is written in (and thus finding its root) depends on its enharmonic spelling.