Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hofstede's Feminine and Masculine Culture Dimensions states: [39] Masculine cultures expect men to be assertive, ambitious and competitive, to strive for material success, and to respect whatever is big, strong, and fast. Masculine cultures expect women to serve and care for the non-material quality of life, for children and for the weak.
There is a gender pay gap: even with the same level of education and occupational role, women earn much less than men, [5] though research suggests this is largely due to women working fewer hours than men overall for reasons such as caring for children or lifestyle factors, rather than direct discrimination.
[2] [3] [4] It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, [5] [6] as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. [7] Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
In 1975, Brooke Williams was the first to describe the "depoliticization of radical feminism" as "cultural feminism". [5] However, the term had surfaced as early as 1971, when Frances Chapman, in a letter printed in Off Our Backs , condemned the literary magazine Aphra as having "served the cause of cultural feminism". [ 6 ]
[1] [3] [4] [5] To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. [3] [4] [5] It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender. [2]
"In some societies, same-sex sexual desire or practice did figure into the definition of one's gender variant role, in others, it did not." [4]: 19 In the case of the Navajo, there are four genders: man, woman, masculine female-bodied nádleeh, and feminine male-bodied nádleeh. Intercourse between two people of different genders, regardless of ...
Human societies typically exhibit gender identities and gender roles that distinguish between masculine and feminine characteristics and prescribe the range of acceptable behaviours and attitudes for their members based on their sex. [430] [431] The most common categorisation is a gender binary of men and women. [432]
Boys are encouraged to play with toy trucks. Girls are encouraged to play with dolls. In sociology, gender polarization is a concept created by American psychologist Sandra Bem which states that societies tend to define femininity and masculinity as polar opposite genders, such that male-acceptable behaviors and attitudes are not seen as appropriate for women, and vice versa.