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  2. Penney's game - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penney's_game

    Penney's game. Penney's game, named after its inventor Walter Penney, is a binary (head/tail) sequence generating game between two players. Player A selects a sequence of heads and tails (of length 3 or larger), and shows this sequence to player B. Player B then selects another sequence of heads and tails of the same length.

  3. Coin flipping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coin_flipping

    Coin flipping, coin tossing, or heads or tails is the practice of throwing a coin in the air and checking which side is showing when it lands, in order to randomly choose between two alternatives. It is a form of sortition which inherently has two possible outcomes. The party who calls the side that is facing up when the coin lands wins.

  4. Fair coin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_coin

    Fair coin. A fair coin, when tossed, should have an equal chance of landing either side up. In probability theory and statistics, a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials with probability 1/2 of success on each trial is metaphorically called a fair coin. One for which the probability is not 1/2 is called a biased or unfair coin.

  5. List of Google Easter eggs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Google_Easter_eggs

    "spinner" will have an interactive spinning wheel and a fidget spinner [125] which can be toggled via the switch. For the spinning wheel, a dropdown menu can change the number of numbers on the wheel: from 2 to 20. [126] Whereas for the fidget spinner, users have to mimic a rotating motion [125] in order for the spinner to spin.

  6. Matching pennies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matching_pennies

    Tails. −1, +1. +1, −1. Matching pennies. Matching pennies is a non-cooperative game studied in game theory. It is played between two players, Even and Odd. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), then ...

  7. Obverse and reverse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse

    The obverse and reverse are the two flat faces of coins and some other two-sided objects, including paper money, flags, seals, medals, drawings, old master prints and other works of art, and printed fabrics. In this usage, obverse means the front face of the object and reverse means the back face. The obverse of a coin is commonly called heads ...

  8. St. Petersburg paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Petersburg_paradox

    St. Petersburg paradox. The St. Petersburg paradox or St. Petersburg lottery[1] is a paradox involving the game of flipping a coin where the expected payoff of the lottery game is infinite but nevertheless seems to be worth only a very small amount to the participants. The St. Petersburg paradox is a situation where a naïve decision criterion ...

  9. Checking whether a coin is fair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checking_whether_a_coin_is...

    The symbols H and T represent more generalised variables expressing the numbers of heads and tails respectively that might have been observed in the experiment. Thus N = H + T = h + t. Next, let r be the actual probability of obtaining heads in a single toss of the coin. This is the property of the coin which is being investigated.