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Traditionally, the gauge of the national railway in Spain, now managed by Adif, is 1,668 mm (5 ft 5 + 21 ⁄ 32 in), known as Iberian gauge.This gauge (originally 1,674mm but then reduced slightly to allow interoperability with Portugal) was decided upon by a Parliamentary committee, after a report known as the Informe Subercase (named for its principal author) in 1844. [1]
Engraved title page from the Dutch translation of Thomas Gage's The English-American his travail by sea and land: or, A new survey of the West-Indies (Amsterdam 1700) Thomas Gage (c. 1603 – 1656) [1] was an English Dominican friar, best known for his travel writing on New Spain and Central America during a sojourn there of over a decade. He ...
In South America, Argentina and Chile use 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) track gauge, as well as 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) or metre gauge. Brazil uses 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) (known as "Irish gauge", most common for passenger services and a few corridors in the Southeast) and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) (known as "narrow gauge" or "metre gauge", most common for cargo services).
In 1999, a gauge-changer was installed at Tornio at the Finnish end of the dual-gauge section between Haparanda and Tornio, for use with variable gauge freight wagons. [45] The Tornio gauge changer is a Rafil design from Germany; a similar Talgo-RD gauge changer at the Haparanda end used to exist, but was removed [46] as it required de-icing in ...
A broad gauge, it is the second-widest gauge in regular use anywhere in the world, with only Indian gauge railways, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), being wider (by 8 mm (5 ⁄ 16 in)). As finally established in 1955, [ 1 ] the Iberian gauge is a compromise between the similar, but slightly different, gauges adopted as respective national standards in ...
The culture of South America draws on diverse cultural traditions. These include the native cultures of the peoples that inhabited the continents prior to the arrival of the Europeans; European cultures, brought mainly by the Spanish, the Portuguese and the French; African cultures, whose presence derives from a long history of New World slavery; and the United States, particularly via mass ...
Bore gauge: a device used for measuring holes. Hole gauge [3] used to gage internal dimensions of bores that are either too small in diameter for an inside micrometer, and have greater economy than a bore gage or other precision internal gage. Caliper: a device used to measure the distance between two opposing sides of an object.
Gauge block, a metal or ceramic block of precisely known dimension, used in measuring; Sight glass, also known as a water gauge, for measuring liquid level heights in storage tanks and pressure vessels; Boost gauge, a gauge used in conjunction with turbo-super-chargers; Pressure gauge or vacuum gauge, see pressure measurement