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In the medieval and early post-medieval centuries, various glasswort plants were collected at tidal marshes and other saline places in the Mediterranean region. The collected plants were burned. The resulting ashes were mixed with water. Sodium carbonate is soluble in water. Non-soluble components of the ashes sank to the bottom of the water ...
The fruit is a small pome 4–8 millimetres (0.16–0.31 in) diameter, bright orange or red in most species, but pink, yellow or white in some Asian species. The fruit are soft and juicy, which makes them a very good food for birds , particularly waxwings and thrushes , which then distribute the rowan seeds in their droppings. [ 2 ]
Wood ash is the powdery residue remaining after the combustion of wood, such as burning wood in a fireplace, bonfire, or an industrial power plant. It is largely composed of calcium compounds, along with other non-combustible trace elements present in the wood, and has been used for many purposes throughout history.
Sorbus aucuparia, commonly called rowan (/ ˈ r oʊ ən /, [3] also UK: / ˈ r aʊ ən /) and mountain-ash, is a species of deciduous tree or shrub in the rose family.. The tree has a slender trunk with smooth bark, a loose and roundish crown, and its leaves are pinnate in pairs of leaflets on a central vein with a terminal leaflet.
Eucalyptus sideroxylon, commonly known as mugga ironbark, [3] or red ironbark [4] is a small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has dark, deeply furrowed ironbark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white, red, pink or creamy yellow flowers and cup-shaped to shortened spherical fruit.
The formula for charcoal-based incense is superficially similar to black powder, though it lacks the sulfur. Natural plant-based binders: Gums such as gum arabic or gum tragacanth are used to bind the mixture together. Mucilaginous material, which can be derived from many botanical sources, is mixed with fragrant materials and water.
The plant has pinnately compound leaves with 5–11 membranous leaflets. It has axillary flower and fruit clusters. [3] The buds are hairy. The dark green leaves are bitter-aromatic, with crenate margins. [3] [6] The stalked follicles are green and then turn red [6] through deep blue through black. [3] [7] Flowers are dioecious, with yellow ...
Reindeer lichen, like many lichens, is slow growing (3–11 millimetres or 1 ⁄ 8 – 3 ⁄ 8 inch per year) and may take decades to return once overgrazed, burned, trampled, or otherwise damaged. [8] A similar-looking but distinct species, also known by the common name "reindeer lichen", is Cladonia portentosa.