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It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal, expanded metal lath, concrete, cinder block, or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes. [2]
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
A shear wall, in its simplest definition, is a wall where the entire material of the wall is employed in the resistance of both horizontal and vertical loads. A typical example is a brick or cinderblock wall. Since the wall material is used to hold the weight, as the wall expands in size, it must hold considerably more weight.
The nave and aisles are separated by columns or piers, above which rises a wall pierced by clerestory windows. Malmesbury Abbey, Wiltshire, England. The nave wall is divided into three stages: the upper stage with windows is the clerestory, beneath it is the triforium, and the lowest stage is the arcade.
A curtain wall is an exterior covering of a building in which the outer walls are non-structural, instead serving to protect the interior of the building from the elements. Because the curtain wall façade carries no structural load beyond its own dead load weight, it can be made of lightweight materials.
Many older walls were constructed from stones and boulders cleared from the fields during preparation for agriculture [16] (field stones) although some used stone quarried nearby. For modern walls, quarried stone is almost always used. Using a batter-frame and guidelines to rebuild a dry stone wall in South Wales, UK
Contemporary architecture is the architecture of the 21st century. No single style is dominant. [1] Contemporary architects work in several different styles, from postmodernism, high-tech architecture and new references and interpretations of traditional architecture [2] [3] to highly conceptual forms and designs, resembling sculpture on an enormous scale.
A jalousie window (UK: / ˈ dʒ æ l ʊ z iː /, US: / ˈ dʒ æ l ə s iː /), louvred window (Australia, New Zealand, Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, United Kingdom), jalousie, or jalosy [1] is a window composed of parallel glass, acrylic, or wooden louvres set in a frame. The louvres are joined onto a track so that they may be tilted open ...