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Mithra (Avestan: π¬¨π¬π¬π¬π¬ Miθra; Old Persian: π·π°πΌ MiθraΚ° ) is an ancient Iranian deity of covenants, light, oaths, justice, the Sun, [1] contracts, and friendship. [2]
The name Mithra was adopted by the Greeks and Romans as Mithras, chief figure in the mystery religion of Mithraism. At first identified with the Sun-god Helios by the Greeks, the syncretic Mithra-Helios was transformed into the figure Mithras during the 2nd century BC, probably at Pergamon.
The Mithra Temple of Maragheh, also referred to as the Mithra Temple of Verjuy or simply Mehr Temple is a place of worship of the Aryan (Indo-Iranian) god, Mitra ((Avesta: Mithra, Skt: Mitra, Pahlavi: Mihr, NPer: Mihr/Mehr),) a mysterious underground place of prayer in northwestern Iranian city of Maragheh dating back to thousands of years ago, [1] is located in Iran, 6 km southeast of Maraghe ...
John R. Hinnells has written of Mitra / Mithra / Mithras as a single deity, worshipped in several different religions. [21] On the other hand, David Ulansey considers the bull-slaying Mithras to be a new god who began to be worshipped in the 1st century BCE, and to whom an old name was applied. [m]
Mithra was the god who presided over the covenants. In Iranian religion there were two gods with martial traits similar to those of Vedic Indra, these were Mithra and Vrthraghna . The most prominent female deities were Spanta Aramati, the deity of the earth, and Ardvi Sura, the deity of the sacred river.
The name Mithras (Latin, equivalent to Greek "ΜΞ―θρας", [1]) is a form of Mithra, the name of an Iranian god, [2] a point acknowledged by Mithras scholars since the days of Franz Cumont. [3] The Greek form of the name appears in Xenophon's biography of Cyrus, the Cyropaedia, [4] a work written in the fourth century BC.
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Mithras stock epithet is Sol Invictus, "invincible sun".However, Mithras is distinct from both deities known as Sol Invictus, and they are separate entities on Mithraic statuary and artwork such as the tauroctony, hunting scenes, and banquet scenes, in which Mithras dines with Sol. [10] Other scenes feature Mithras ascending behind Sol in the latter's chariot, the deities shaking hands and the ...