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  2. Volatility (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volatility_(chemistry)

    The most volatile chemical condense at the top of the column while the least volatile chemicals to vaporize condense in the lowest portion. [1] On the right is a picture illustrating the design of a distillation tower. The difference in volatility between water and ethanol has traditionally been used in the refinement of drinking alcohol.

  3. Aroma compound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aroma_compound

    Fragrance bottles. An aroma compound, also known as an odorant, aroma, fragrance or flavoring, is a chemical compound that has a smell or odor.For an individual chemical or class of chemical compounds to impart a smell or fragrance, it must be sufficiently volatile for transmission via the air to the olfactory system in the upper part of the nose.

  4. Fixative (perfumery) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixative_(perfumery)

    A fixative is a substance used to equalize the vapor pressures, and thus the volatilities, of the raw materials in a perfume oil, and to increase the perfume's odour tenacity. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In simple words, fixatives increase the time for which the scent of a perfume lasts.

  5. Odor detection threshold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odor_detection_threshold

    Some aroma compounds are affected by the pH: weak organic acids are protonated at low pH making them less soluble and hence more volatile. Number and functionality of odorant receptors in the observer's nose. The concentration of an odor above a food is dependent on its solubility in that food and its vapor pressure and concentration in that food.

  6. Farnesol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farnesol

    It is used in perfumery to emphasize the odors of sweet, floral perfumes. It enhances perfume scent by acting as a co-solvent that regulates the volatility of the odorants. It is especially used in lilac perfumes. Farnesol and its ester derivatives are important precursors for a variety of other compounds used as fragrances and vitamins. [1]

  7. Odor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odor

    The human sense of smell is a primary factor in the sensation of comfort. Olfaction as a sensory system brings awareness of the presence of airborne chemicals. Some inhaled chemicals are volatile compounds that act as a stimulus, triggering unwanted reactions such as nose, eye, and throat irritation. Perception of odor and of irritation is ...

  8. Fragrance extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_extraction

    Fragrance extraction refers to the separation process of aromatic compounds from raw materials, using methods such as distillation, solvent extraction, expression, sieving, or enfleurage. [1] The results of the extracts are either essential oils , absolutes , concretes , or butters , depending on the amount of waxes in the extracted product.

  9. Fragrance oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_oil

    To allergic or otherwise sensitive people, synthetic fragrance oils are often less desirable than plant-derived essential oils as components of perfume. [1] Essential oils, widely used in society, emit numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Some of these VOCs are considered as potentially hazardous under federal regulations. [2]

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