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Sappho: A New Translation is a 1958 book by Mary Barnard with a foreword by Dudley Fitts. Inspired by Salvatore Quasimodo 's Lirici Greci ( Greek Lyric Poets ) and encouraged by Ezra Pound , with whom Barnard had corresponded since 1933, she translated 100 poems of the archaic Greek poet Sappho into English free verse .
The Alexandrian edition of Sappho's poetry was divided into eight or nine books: the exact number is uncertain. Ancient testimonia mention an eighth book of the Alexandrian edition of Sappho; [7] an epigram by Tullius Laurea mentions nine books of Sappho, though it is not certain that he is referring to the Alexandrian edition. [7]
In Hellenistic editions of Sappho's works, it was the first poem of Book I of her poetry. [b] As the poem begins with the word "Ποικιλόθρον'", this is outside of the sequence followed through the rest of Book I, where the poems are ordered alphabetically by initial letter. [17]
The most impressive is the Brothers Poem fragment, called P. Sapph. Obbink, [2] part of a critical edition of Book I of Sappho's poetry. [b] [5] The remaining four fragments, P. GC. inv. 105 frr. 1–4, are written in the same hand, and have the same line-spacing. [6] P. Sapph.
Many of the additional meters found in Sappho and Alcaeus are similar to the ones discussed above, and similarly analyzable. For example, Sappho frr. 130 – 131 (and the final lines of fr. 94's stanzas) are composed in a shortened version (gl d) of the meter used in Book II of her poetry. However, the surviving poetry also abounds in fragments ...
This fragment [c] preserved part of 27 lines of Sappho's poetry, including the Tithonus poem. [d] The papyrus appears to be part of a copy of Book IV of the Alexandrian edition of Sappho's poetry, as all of the poems appear to be in the same metre. [5] From the handwriting, the papyrus can be dated to the second century AD. [6]
Fragment 31 is composed in Sapphic stanzas, a metrical form named after Sappho and consisting of stanzas of three long followed by one short line. [b] Four strophes of the poem survive, along with a few words of a fifth. [1] The poem is written in the Aeolic dialect, which was the dialect spoken in Sappho's time on her home island of Lesbos.
The Alexandrian edition of Sappho probably grouped her poems by their metre: ancient sources tell us that each of the first three books contained poems in a single specific metre. [61] Book one of the Alexandrian edition, made up of poems in Sapphic stanzas , seems to have been ordered alphabetically.