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Enviva Inc. is the world's largest producer of wood pellets used for energy production. The company has been the subject of controversy regarding its sustainability with an environmental group's analysis suggesting Enviva is responsible for 50 acres a day of clear-cut land and significantly increased CO 2 production compared to coal per megawatt-hour.
The total sales of wood pellets in New Zealand was 300,000–500,000 tonnes in 2013. Recent construction of new wood pellet plants has given a huge increase in production capacity. [78] Nature's Flame wood pellet processing plant, in Taupo, is due in late 2019 to double its annual production capacity to 85,000 tonnes. [79]
The by-products from the wood processing industry are called wood processing residues and consist of cut offs, shavings, sawdust, bark, and black liquor. [27] Wood processing residues have a total energy content of 5.5 EJ annually. [28] Wood pellets are mainly made from wood processing residues, [m] and have a total energy content of 0.7 EJ.
After the European Union classified biomass as renewable energy in 2009, the Southeast's annual wood pellet capacity increased from about 300,000 tons to more than 7.3 million tons by 2017 ...
Pellet heating is a heating system in which wood pellets (small pellets from wood chips and sawdust) are combusted. Other pelletized fuels such as straw pellets are used occasionally. Today's central heating system which run on wood pellets as a renewable energy source are comparable in operation and maintenance of oil and gas heating systems.
Wood pellets are also used for domestic and commercial heating either in the form of automated boilers or pellet stoves. Compared to other fuels made from wood, pellets have the advantage of higher energy density, simpler handling as it flows similar to grain, and low moisture. Concerns have been raised about the short-term carbon balance of ...
Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment of biomass at 200 to 320 °C (392 to 608 °F). It is carried out under atmospheric pressure and in the absence of oxygen.During the torrefaction process, the water contained in the biomass as well as superfluous volatiles are released, and the biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) partly decompose, giving off various types of volatiles. [4]
Can we imagine ourselves back on that awful day in the summer of 2010, in the hot firefight that went on for nine hours? Men frenzied with exhaustion and reckless exuberance, eyes and throats burning from dust and smoke, in a battle that erupted after Taliban insurgents castrated a young boy in the village, knowing his family would summon nearby Marines for help and the Marines would come ...
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