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  2. Philosophy of geography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_geography

    The Society for Philosophy and Geography was founded in 1997 by Andrew Light, a philosopher later at George Mason University, and Jonathan Smith, a geographer at Texas A&M University. Three volumes of an annual peer-reviewed journal, Philosophy and Geography, were published by Rowman & Littlefield Press which later became a bi-annual journal ...

  3. Fallibilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallibilism

    According to philosophy professor Elizabeth F. Cooke, fallibilism embraces uncertainty, and infinite regress and infinite progress are not unfortunate limitations on human cognition, but rather necessary antecedents for knowledge acquisition. They allow us to live functional and meaningful lives. [11]

  4. Glossary of philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_philosophy

    Also called humanocentrism. The practice, conscious or otherwise, of regarding the existence and concerns of human beings as the central fact of the universe. This is similar, but not identical, to the practice of relating all that happens in the universe to the human experience. To clarify, the first position concludes that the fact of human existence is the point of universal existence; the ...

  5. Posidonius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posidonius

    Posidonius (/ ˌ p ɒ s ɪ ˈ d oʊ n i ə s /; Ancient Greek: Ποσειδώνιος Poseidṓnios, "of Poseidon") "of Apameia" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or "of Rhodes" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (c. 135 – c. 51 BC), was a Greek politician, astronomer, astrologer, [1] geographer, historian, mathematician, and teacher native to Apamea, Syria.

  6. Reification (Marxism) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reification_(Marxism)

    In Marxist philosophy, reification (Verdinglichung, "making into a thing") is the process by which human social relations are perceived as inherent attributes of the people involved in them, or attributes of some product of the relation, such as a traded commodity.

  7. Eratosthenes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eratosthenes

    His third book of the Geography contained political geography. He cited countries and used parallel lines to divide the map into sections, to give accurate descriptions of the realms. This was a breakthrough and can be considered the beginning of geography. For this, Eratosthenes was named the "Father of Modern Geography." [17]

  8. Imagined geographies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagined_geographies

    Edward Said mentions that when Islam appeared in Europe in the Middle Ages, the response was conservative and defensive. Ó' Tuathail has argued that geopolitical knowledges are forms of imagined geography. Using the example of Halford Mackinder's heartland theory, he has shown how the presentation of Eastern Europe / Western Russia as a key ...

  9. Quadrivium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrivium

    [6]: 199 It was considered the foundation for the study of philosophy (sometimes called the "liberal art par excellence") [7] and theology. The quadrivium was the upper division of medieval educational provision in the liberal arts, which comprised arithmetic (number in the abstract), geometry (number in space), music (number in time), and ...